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Hognose Snake

Heterodon spp.

Beastly Facts Β· Updated

SnakesIntermediate care
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Hognose Snake

Overview

Hognose snakes are famous for their dramatic bluffing behavior - they hiss loudly, flatten their heads cobra-like, and if that fails, roll over and play dead convincingly (complete with open mouth and lolling tongue). Native to North America, they have upturned snouts used to dig up buried toads - their primary wild prey. They are rear-fanged with mild venom effective on toads but harmless to humans in the vast majority of cases.

Quick Facts

Native Range

North America (eastern, western, and southern species)

Natural Habitat

Sandy soil areas, prairies, woodland edges, and coastal plains

Adult Size

14-46 inches (36-117 cm) across the species; western hognoses 14-37 inches

Wild Diet

Toads, frogs, salamanders, and occasionally small rodents

Wild Lifespan

9-19 years in the wild, averaging 14; 15-20 years in human care

Conservation Status

Least Concern (most species); some state-level protections

History

The western hognose was a marginal animal in the trade for decades, the kind of snake that turned up under the Miscellaneous heading of a pre-Internet reptile price list, interesting to watch but too plain to sell. What changed was a combination of better husbandry information, wider availability, and color and pattern variants that gave breeders something to work toward. Its smaller size, milder bluffing, and flexible diet made it the species the hobby settled on out of the three North American hognoses. Most animals sold now are captive-bred rather than collected.

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Hognose Snake

Human

Adult Size

14-46 inches (36-117 cm) across the species; western hognoses 14-37 inches

5-6 feet (150-185 cm); ~135-200 lbs

Wild Lifespan

9-19 years in the wild, averaging 14; 15-20 years in human care

~73 years (global average)

Wild Diet

Toads, frogs, salamanders, and occasionally small rodents

Omnivorous - eats just about anything

Native Range

North America (eastern, western, and southern species)

Global - originated in Africa roughly 300,000 years ago

Natural Habitat

Sandy soil areas, prairies, woodland edges, and coastal plains

Everywhere from arctic tundra to tropical megacities

Conservation Status

Least Concern (most species); some state-level protections

Least Concern (8+ billion and counting)

Test Yourself

Question 1 of 40 pts

What's the Hognose Snake's native range?

Fun Facts

🐍 Tongue Sniffers

Snakes smell with help from their tongues! Each flick of that forked tongue grabs chemicals from the air or ground. The tongue can't smell a thing itself, though: it drops its haul onto pads on the floor of the mouth, which most likely pass it up to the Jacobson's organ in the roof of the mouth.

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Did You Know?

When threatened, hognose snakes will flatten their neck, hiss, lunge (mouth closed), and if that fails, flip over and play dead complete with open mouth and tongue hanging out!